AC Joint Reconstruction Rehab Protocol: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

The acromioclavicular (AC) joint plays a crucial role in shoulder stability and movement. Injuries to this joint, particularly severe separations, often require AC joint reconstruction to restore function and alleviate pain. However, surgery is only part of the solution—the real key to recovery lies in a well-structured rehabilitation protocol. This guide outlines the essential phases of AC joint reconstruction rehab, ensuring a safe and effective return to daily activities and sports.

Understanding AC Joint Reconstruction

What Is AC Joint Reconstruction?

AC joint reconstruction is a surgical procedure performed to repair a severe AC joint separation or dislocation, often caused by trauma, falls, or contact sports injuries. The procedure typically involves:

• Ligament reconstruction using grafts.
• Fixation techniques such as plates, screws, or sutures.
• Soft tissue repair to enhance joint stability.

Why Is Rehabilitation Important?

A structured rehab protocol is essential to:

• Restore range of motion (ROM) and strength.
• Prevent stiffness and complications.
• Ensure a safe return to activities without reinjury.

AC Joint Reconstruction Rehab Protocol

Phase 1: Immediate Post-Operative (Weeks 0-4)

Goals:

• Protect the surgical repair.
• Minimize pain and swelling.
• Begin gentle mobility exercises.

Key Guidelines:

• Wear a sling for 3-6 weeks, depending on surgeon recommendations.
• Use ice therapy and prescribed pain medications to manage discomfort.
• Perform passive range of motion (PROM) exercises for the elbow and wrist.
• Start pendulum exercises and gentle scapular retractions (as advised by the therapist).

Phase 2: Early Mobility & Strengthening (Weeks 5-8)

Goals:

• Increase shoulder mobility.
• Begin light strengthening.
• Improve postural awareness.

Recommended Exercises:

• Assisted ROM exercises: Shoulder flexion, external rotation (within pain-free limits).
• Isometric exercises: Deltoid, rotator cuff activation.
• Scapular stabilization drills: Wall slides, prone rows.
• Gradual sling weaning as comfort allows.

Phase 3: Progressive Strengthening (Weeks 9-12)

Goals:

• Restore full range of motion.
• Develop progressive strength.
• Improve neuromuscular control.

Recommended Exercises:

• Resisted bands for external and internal rotation.
• Closed kinetic chain exercises (e.g., wall push-ups).
• Proprioceptive drills to enhance stability.
• Cardiovascular conditioning (stationary bike, brisk walking).

Phase 4: Advanced Strength & Functional Training (Months 3-6)

Goals:

• Regain full functional strength.
• Enhance endurance and dynamic control.
• Prepare for sport-specific or occupational tasks.

Recommended Activities:

• Weight training (gradual loading with resistance bands, light dumbbells).
• Plyometric exercises (medicine ball toss, resisted rotations).
• Sport-specific drills for athletes.
• Return-to-work modifications for physically demanding jobs.

Key Considerations for a Successful Recovery

Listen to Your Body

Pain and discomfort are common but should not persist beyond a manageable threshold. If sharp pain or swelling increases, consult your physical therapist or surgeon immediately.

Follow Your Therapist’s Guidance

Every rehab plan is individualized, so it’s crucial to adhere to the protocol designed specifically for you.

Prioritize Consistency Over Intensity

Rehab success is built on gradual progress. Avoid rushing exercises or attempting heavy lifting too soon.

Conclusion

Recovering from AC joint reconstruction requires dedication, patience, and a structured rehab approach. By following this step-by-step protocol, you can regain shoulder function safely and effectively.

If you’re undergoing rehab or considering surgery, consult with your orthopedic specialist and physical therapist to ensure a personalized recovery plan. Stay committed to your rehabilitation, and you’ll be on your way to a stronger, pain-free shoulder in no time!